Accounting Reviews

In our recent post, we talked about all of the things lawyers have to do to keep their accounts squeaky clean: >

Deposit (most) retainers into a trust account.

Bill their clients, then apply all or some of the retainer funds against the bill.

Mark the invoice as paid, then transfer the applicable money from trust account to operating account.

Update the retainer balance accordingly.

In real life, here is what that looks like:

To see how closely related law firm billing and trust accounting are; take a look at this simple example:

1. On January 1, you opened a new case with an initial retainer of $5,000. You deposited the $5,000 in your attorney trust account. Your trust books need to reflect a retainer balance of $5,000.
2. In January, you record $2,700 in time and expenses. You charge it to the matter.

3. On January 31, your books need to reflect the following: $2,700 for the unbilled balance, and $5,000 for the retainer balance.
4. On February 1, you generate an invoice. This converts unbilled time and expenses to billed. Your books now need to reflect $0 for the unbilled balance, moving the $2,700 into the unpaid balance column. The retainer balance is still $5,000.
5. The same day, you pay the invoice from the client’s retainer balance. Your books now need to reflect the unbilled balance as $0, the unpaid balance as $0, and retainer balance as $2,300. You can make a deposit of $2,300 from your trust account to your operating account.

Skip one of these steps, and you are stuck playing detective.

Say you apply a retainer in trust to a specific invoice, but forget to write the check in your trust bookkeeping system. You’ll have an invoice marked paid, but no funds drawn. You might not even notice your own mistake. Imagine the headache involved in tracing this mistake.

Now multiply that scenario by a few occurrences. For each mistake? At best, you’ve got an administrative nightmare on your hands. At worst, you’re under billing-or in inadvertent violation of an ethical regulation.

Accounting is a subject that differs from others its chapters are often interlinked. Failure to master the early chapters would make learning subsequent chapters even more difficult. If you are struggling with accounting, its likely you have not mastered the foundation well. The best way is to relearn the basics from scratch from a qualified teacher.

4 Tips for Mastering Accounting

1. Understand the technical terms – Learning accounting is like trying to live in a foreign country. The first thing is to understand the alphabets, the language and how terms are defined in the foreign world. Take some time to understand the new technical terms in accounting. Often, the same terms used in accounting are different from ordinary usage. Be sure to clarify them quickly with your lecturer or tutor.

2. Master the nature of the accounts – Accounts can be classified as either debit nature or credit nature. Beginner students often think debit increases and credit decreases. This is only true if the account is debit nature. A credit nature account increases by crediting, and decreases by debiting. All accounts have a nature, be sure to memorize the nature of the major categories of accounts before proceeding to learn double entry. Not knowing the nature of the accounts is like not knowing the ABCs.

3. Master Double Entry Seek a good instructor and good books to master double entry. Students who fail to master double entry will find tremendous difficulty in grasping future concepts as double entry is a pre-requisite to understanding future chapters such as correction of errors, depreciation and Provision for doubtful debts.

4. Practice diligently Accounting is a hands on subjects like maths, there must be sufficient practice time devoted to test and develop an understanding of the accounting concepts.

Follow these 4 tips and you will be on track to mastering the subject!

Understanding the Value of Small Business Budgeting Abstract Take the intimidation away from small business budgeting and learn how these simple exercises will benefit many facets of your business. Plan for the future, make more money and control that profit better with budgets. A better, more profitable business is the result. Article Body Although it may seem like a lot of work, budgeting is an essential process for your business. It will help you to plan for the future – this year and over the next decade.

Budgeting will assist you in decision making, goal setting and many other types of planning. It also helps to control the actions of your business. Planning and control work together, but are not actually the same thing. To plan in a business involves laying out the direction and goals. Control comes when you’re in the process of working towards those goals.

If the plan is to purchase a large asset in five years with cash reserves, the control comes into the picture when decisions are made that ensure you have enough cash when that time actually rolls around. Small business budgeting is the tool to help you plan well and exercise control. And it’s the key to your business’s financial success. Budgeting can be done in simple, straightforward methods now using computers, spreadsheets and even specialized software. You can create a master budget easily by starting with your long-term sales forecasts. Once you have a realistic idea of future sales you can plug those numbers into a Sales Budget, which also helps with a Purchasing Budget and an Ending Inventory Budget. Inventory can be a tricky thing within every business and the information gathered in these budgets is extremely helpful.

The Sales Budget also helps to create a Budgeted Income Statement. This particular accounting financial statement is helpful for potential investors to assess the likely profitability over the next few years. Long-term sales forecasts are also the first step in creating an Operating Expenses Budget and a Capital Budget. These figures help with day to day business as well as working to ensure a healthy future. When you can budget for capital expenditures based on sales forecasts and then maintain control on the way there, your business will thrive.

The Cash Budget is often the most useful for small business owners. Knowing how much cash you are likely to have at the end of a period is important and planning to keep a -safe amount- on hand for debt repayment or other things is simpler with a cash budget. Using the Sales Budget, the Operating Expenses and the Capitol Budgets, combined with past habits and events, you can create a reasonable Budgeted Income Statement and Balance Sheet. Those are used to bring about the Budget of Cash Flows, an essential tool for small business. Find out what you can realistically afford in the future and keep a handle on your company.

Remember that budgets are a continual exercise and will be updated frequently as new information arises. Small business budgeting is a flex thing and will need regular attention. Participation within the company is important. Involving managers in the planning stages will give them ownership of the goals and help them feel more connected with the end result.

Your business will benefit when more people work together on the budget.